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| Word | Meaning | Eponym |
| odyssey | A long, wandering journey. | Odysseus, the mythological Greek hero of Homer's epic poem, The Odyssey. |
| oersted | A unit of magnetic intensity equal to the magnetic intensity one centimeter from a unit magnetic pole. | H. C. Oersted (1777-1851), Danish physicist. |
| ohm | A unit of electrical resistance equal to the resistance of a conductor in which a 1-ampere current is produced by a potential of one volt across its terminals. | Georg Simon Ohm (1787-1854), a German physicist who worked extensively with electrical resistance. |
| onanism | 1. Manual stimulation of the genitals. 2. Coitus interruptus. | Onan, the son of Judah, as explained in Genesis 38:9. |
| orrery | A mechanical model of the solar system. | After Charles Boyle, Fourth Earl of Orrery (1676-1731), for whom one of the first was made. |
| Oscar | The annual award for best performances by the Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences. | This name originated in an off-hand remark by the secretary at AMPAS: "He reminds me of my Uncle Oscar," that is, Oscar Pierce, US wheat farmer and fruit grower. |
| ottoman | A soft upholstered footstool. | Italian ottomano "Ottoman", the Turkish royal family established by Osman I (1259-1326), sultan of Turkey (1281-1326). |
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